SPARC架构下低时延微内核进程间通信设计
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上海交通大学


Low-latency Microkernel IPC Design for SPARC Architecture
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    摘要:

    微内核系统将系统服务迁移到用户态运行,因其架构隔离性而具有高可靠性的优势,这一优势与航天领域的需求相契合.SPARC架构的处理器被广泛应用于航天飞船、卫星载荷以及星球车的控制设备上,而该架构的寄存器窗口机制会影响微内核进程间通信(Inter-Process Communication,IPC)的性能,其核间中断(Inter-Processor Interrupt,IPI)也会严重影响跨核IPC的效率.IPC作为微内核系统的关键机制,对微内核上应用程序的整体性能十分重要.本工作基于对SPARC寄存器窗口机制的观察,重新设计实现了寄存器组机制,由系统内核对寄存器窗口进行分配和管理,并藉此实现了SPARC架构上的寄存器IPC.同时,在多核场景下,针对SPARC上IPI性能较差的问题,设计实现了FlexIPC以优化跨核IPC的性能.我们使用这些方法对自研微内核ChCore上已经实现的通用的同步IPC进行了优化.测试表明,优化后SPARC上微内核的IPC平均性能提升至原来的2倍,应用性能提升可达15%.

    Abstract:

    Microkernels migrate system services to user mode.The isolation of microkernels contributes to the reliability of the system.This advantage is in line with the needs of the aerospace feild.SPARC processors are widely applied on the control systems of spacecrafts, satellite payloads, and planetary vehicles, and the register window mechanism of SPARC will affect the performance of Inter-Process Communication(IPC) on microkernels.Besides, its Inter-Processor Interrupt(IPI) also seriously affect the efficiency of cross-core IPC.IPC is vital to the overall performance of applications on microkernels.This work redesigns and implements the register bank mechanism based on the observation of the register window.The register window is allocated and managed by the kernel,and thus the register IPC on SPARC is supported.At the same time, we design FlexIPC to optimize the performance of cross-core IPC,covering the poor performance of IPI on SPARC.We optimized the general synchronous IPC implemented on a self-developed microkernel ChCore with these approaches.Tests show that this work improves the average IPC performance of microkernels on SPARC by about 2.0× and can improve the application performance by up to 15%.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-03
  • 最后修改日期:2024-02-13
  • 录用日期:2024-03-28
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