Integer programming is a kind of mathematical model which is widely used in the field of science and applied research. Because it is a NP-hard problem, it is difficult to solve it. The solution method is to use swarm intelligence algorithm as the main body, but this kind of method has not been able to solve the spear of exploration and exploitation, competition and collaboration among individuals and populations within the population. Swarm intelligence evolution strategy based on pyramid structure is a new algorithm, which can effectively solve the above two contradictions. In this study, the mechanism of PES algorithm is deeply analyzed, and a preferred collaborative strategy model is constructed. The improved PES algorithm is extended from the optimization function to solve the integer programming problem. Finally, through the exploration experiment and the contrast experiment, the convergence and stability of the algorithm and the performance of the global best are explored. The experimental results show that the PES algorithm based on the optimal cooperation strategy can solve the integer programming problem well.