随着5G移动通信技术、软件定义网络、命名数据网、移动边缘计算或雾计算等新兴技术或方法的出现及深入研究，物联网应用得到进一步升华.在这种应用场景多样化、服务质量高要求、参与对象普及化的环境下，隶属物联网子范畴的传统无线传感器网络数据转发模型已经不能完全适应这种时代需求，更加适合物联网应用的数据转发模型成为物联网连续性服务保障的基础性问题及研究热点.首先对物联网架构及其应用环境下的数据转发的关键问题进行了分析；其次，对目前具有代表性的物联网数据转发相关研究成果进行了分类总结；然后，选取不同物联网场景下典型的数据转发模型及其使用的数学方法进行评述、分析和对比；最后，指出目前研究中存在的问题及相应的解决方案，并对未来的发展方向进行了展望.研究表明：5G等新兴技术的出现，为物联网环境下数据转发模型的研究带来了新的机遇和挑战，今后的工作重点是对物联网环境下数据转发的节能模型和方法进行攻关，为实际应用提供坚实的理论基础.

With the in-depth researches of new technologies or methods such as 5G, software defined networking (SDN), named data networks (NDN), and mobile edge computing or fog computing, Internet of Things (IoT) applications undergo further advancement. In an environment of variety of application scenarios, high quality of service and universal participation of objects, data forwarding models based on traditional wireless sensor networks (WSN) that is the subset of IoT cannot fully adapt to meet the needs. Therefore, in order to guarantee the successive of IoT services, it is the most basic problem and research interest to develop data forwarding mechanism more suitable for IoT. First, in this paper, the architecture of IoT and the key problems of data forwarding in IoT are analyzed. Second, a number of representative studies of data forwarding for IoT are classified. Then, for the chosen typical data forwarding models in different IoT scenarios, their mathematic methods, merits and shortcomings are reviewed along with a comparison of the models in many aspects. Finally, the research problems are analyzed in detail and some future development directions are suggested. In summary, this study shows that the emergence of the new technologies, such as 5G, brings the opportunities and challenges for the research of data forwarding model in IoT. Thus, the key emphasis in future work will be the theoretical research of the model and method of energy-efficient of data forwarding in IoT in providing a solid foundation for the practical applications.

国家自然科学基金（61370069，61672111）；北京市自然科学基金（4162043）；国家重点研发计划（2016QY03D0605）