嵌入式软件在安全关键系统中的应用，使得保障软件安全性成为软件工程领域的研究热点之一.以典型嵌入式软件系统机载软件为基础，对机载软件安全性保障的标准、方法及工具进行综述.首先，对机载软件领域所采用的软件安全性相关的标准进行简介，并给出机载软件安全性分析框架；其次，从机载软件安全性分析框架出发，将机载软件安全性保障方法划分为3个方面，即，机载软件安全需求的提取与规约、面向标准的机载软件开发、机载软件安全需求验证.对这3个方面的现有研究工作以及工业应用进行了综述；然后，针对当前适航标准的要求对机载软件安全性保证过程中软件安全证据的收集方面的研究工作进行了总结；最后，提出机载软件安全性领域存在的挑战和未来的研究方向.

With the widespread use of embedded software in safety critical system, software safety assurance becomes one of research hotspots of software engineering. In this paper, a survey is presented on Software safety standards, methods and tools in aircraft systems. First of all, airborne software safety definitions and standards are introduced, and the safety analysis framework is also presented. Secondly, airborne software safety analysis methods are classified into three types, namely, software requirement elicitation and specification, safety standard oriented software development, and software safety property verification. Existing research and application of software safety analysis methods are reviewed according to these three types. After that, existing researches on safety evidence collection during airborne software safety assurance process according to airworthiness certification are summarized. Finally, potential research directions of airborne software safety assurance are discussed.

国家自然科学基金（61272083, 61100034）；江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划（CXZZ11_0218）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（CXZZ11_0218）