在无线传感器网络的数据查询中,蚁群优化方法可以找到从源节点到目的节点的最优路径.但当所有的查询消息和查询结果都在这条路径上进行时,路径上的能量消耗会很大.因此,提出一种基于蚁群优化的能量均衡数据查询协议EBDQ(energy balance data query protocol based on ant colony optimization),根据路径上的能量消耗情况,通过信息素对其进行奖惩,使网络的能量消耗分散在不同的路径上,让整个网络的能量平稳降级.理论分析和仿真结果都说明,EBDQ协议能够提高传感器网络的生命周期,降低网络时延.

ACO (ant colony optimization) can find the optimal path from source nodes to sink nodes in data query for wireless sensor networks. But once all query tasks and query results are transmitted along the path, the energy of the path will be exhausted. So this paper puts forward an Energy Balance Data Query Protocol based on Ant Colony Optimization (EBDQ). This protocol rewards or punishes a path according to the energy consumption by pheromone decentralize energy consumption into different paths, and reposefully demotes the energy consumption of the whole network. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results show that EBDQ can prolong the lifetime and reduce the delay of the network.

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60573095 (国家自然科学基金); the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China under Grant No.08KJD520012 (江苏省教育厅高校自然科学基础研究项目)