无线传感器网络的主要功能是实现数据发布,在接收到信息查询时能够以有效的方式传输给查询者.目前的数据发布方式通常基于洪泛机制查询信息,浪费了有限的能源.虽然一些最近的数据发布协议从不同程度上解决了这一问题,但不能保证查询成功率.基于圆形节点分布网络模型提出了一种既能减少能源消耗,又能提高成功率的数据发布模式--直径-弦模式DCS(diameter-chord scheme).该模式利用了每个圆的弦都存在一个直径与之垂直相交的性质.在此基础上提出了Two-Phase协议.它在信息查询时分成两个工作方式不同的阶段进行,在第1段查询不中时触发第2段查找.为了减少Two-Phase的延迟,提出了基于优先级和概率转发两种解决方法.理论分析和实验结果都表明,所提出的数据发布协议具有较好的性能.

A critical issue in wireless sensor networks is energy-efficiently disseminating data from nodes to multiple sinks. Many data dissemination techniques have been proposed for sensor networks. However these protocols are based on flooding mechanism which wastes much precious energy. Some recent protocols have been proposed to reduce the flooding cost at different levels but can not guarantee the query success rate. In this paper, an energy-efficient data dissemination scheme DCS (diameter-chord scheme) is proposed which can reduce the energy consumption and improve the success rate as well. DCS exploits the fact that any chord in circularity vertically intersects with a diameter. Further more, Two-Phase protocol is proposed based on this dissemination scheme. This protocol works in two phases, and only when it is not successful in the first phase, the second is triggered. Two solutions are also proposed to deal with the delay of the Two-Phase. Extensive simulations and analysis are conducted to evaluate these protocols. The results show that the proposed protocols perform better than the peers.

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60533110 (国家自然科学基金); the Harbin Institute of Technology Foundation of China under Grant No.HIT 2002.74 (哈尔滨工业大学校基金)