School of Information Engineering, Changan University, Xian 710064, China;Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao, China;State Key Laboratory of Computer Science (Institute of Software, The Chinese Academy of Sciences), Beijing 100 在期刊界中查找 在百度中查找 在本站中查找
School of Information Engineering, Changan University, Xian 710064, China;Tibet University for Nationalities, Xianyang 712082, China 在期刊界中查找 在百度中查找 在本站中查找
Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao, China;State Key Laboratory of Computer Science (Institute of Software, The Chinese Academy of Sciences), Beijing 100190, China 在期刊界中查找 在百度中查找 在本站中查找
This paper presents an automatic line-drawing method designed for building images. The fast line segment detector with a false detection control and detects the outline and the door, or window edge features detected, which are used in the construction of edge tangent flow. Based on the modified ETF, the Difference-of-Gaussians is used to render the final line drawing styles. This scheme gives clear line features for building images without much noise, which is also simple and easy to implement. The test results verify the effectiveness of the presented algorithm.
[1] Salisbury M, Anderson C, Iisehinski D, Salesin DH. Scale-Dependent reproduction of pen-and-ink illustrations. In: Proc. of the 23rd Annual Conf. on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. New York: ACM Press, 1996. 461-468. [doi: 10.1145 /237170.237286]
[2] Canny J. A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell., 1986,8(6):679-698.
[3] Curtis CJ, Anderson SE, Seims JE, Fleischer KW, Salesin DH. Computer-Generated watercolor. In: Proc. of the ACM SIGGRAPH. New York: ACM Press, 1997. 421-429. [doi: 10.1145/258734.258896]
[4] Huang H, Zang Y, Li CF. Example-Based painting guided by color features. The Visual Computer, 2010,26(6-8):933. [doi: 10. 1007/s00371-010-0498-y]
[5] Litwinowicz P. Processing images and video for an impressionist effect. In: Proc. of the ACM SIGGRAPH. New York: ACM Press, 1997. 407-414. [doi: 10.1145/258734.258893]
[6] DeCarlo D, Santella A. Stylization and abstraction of photographs. In: Proc. of the ACM SIGGRAPH. New York: ACM Press, 2002. 769-776. [doi: 10.1145/566654.566650]
[7] Comaniciu D, Meer P. Mean shift: A robust approach toward feature space analysis. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., 2002,24(5):603-619.
[8] Fischer J, Bartz D, Strasser W. Stylized augmented reality for improved immersion. In: Proc. of the IEEE Virtual Reality. Washington: IEEE Computer Society, 2005. 195-202.
[9] Gooch B, Coombe G, Shirley P. Artistic vision: Painterly rendering using computer vision techniques. In: Proc. of the Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering. New York: ACM Press, 2002. 83-90. [doi: 10.1145/508530.508545]
[10] Hays J, Essa I. Image and video based painterly animation. In: Proc. of the Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering. New York: ACM Press, 2004. 113-120. [doi: 10.1145/987657.987676]
[11] Wang J, Xu YQ, Shum HY, Cohen MF. Video tooning. ACM Trans. on Graphics, 2004,23(3):574-583. [doi: 10.1145/ 1015706.1015763]
[12] Lee J. Diffusion rendering of black ink paintings using new paper and ink models. Computer & Graphics, 2001,25(2):295-308. [doi: 10.1016/S0097-8493(00)00132-1]
[13] Kang H, Lee S. Shape-Simplifying image abstraction. Computer Graphics Forum, 2008,27(7). [doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2008. 01322.x]
[14] Son M, Kang H, Lee Y, Lee S. Abstract line drawings from 2D images. In: Proc. of the IEEE Pacific Conf. on Computer Graphics and Applications. Washington: IEEE Computer Society, 2007. 333-342.
[15] Winnemöller H, Olsen S, Gooch B. Real-Time video abstraction. ACM Trans. on Graphics, 2006,25(3):1221-1226. [doi: 10.1145/ 1141911.1142018]
[16] Gooch B, Reinhard E, Gooch A. Human facial illustrations: Creation and psychophysical evaluation. ACM Trans. on Graphics, 2004,23(1):27-44. [doi: 10.1145/966131.966133]
[17] Orzan A, Bousseau A, Barla P, Thollot J. Structure-Preserving manipulation of photographs. In: Proc. of the Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering. New York: ACM Press, 2007. 103-110. [doi: 10.1145/1274871.1274888]
[18] Kang H, Lee S, Chui CK. Coherent line drawing. In: Proc. of the Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering. New York: ACM Press, 2007. 43-50. [doi: 10.1145/1274871.1274878]
[19] Kang H, Lee S, Chui CK. Flow-Based image abstraction. IEEE Trans. on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2009,15(1):62-76.
[20] Kim D, Son M, Lee Y, Kang H, Lee S. Feature-Guided image stippling. Computer Graphics Forum, 2008,27(4):1209-1216. [doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2008.01259.x]
[21] Winnemöller H. XDoG: Advanced image stylization with eXtended difference-of-Gaussians. In: Proc. of the Symp. on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering. New York: ACM Press, 2011. 147-156. [doi: 10.1145/2024676.2024700]
[22] Nan LL, Sharf A, Xie K, Wong TT, Deussen O, Cohen D, Chen BQ. Conjoining gestalt rules for abstraction of architectural drawings. ACM Trans. on Graphics, 2011,30(6):Article No.185. [doi: 10.1145/2070781.2024219]
[23] Loya A, Adabala N, Das A, Mishra P. A practical approach to image-guided building facade abstraction. In: Proc. of the Computer Graphics Int'l. 2008. http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/groups/vgv/imageguidedfacadeabstraction.pdf
[24] Hough PVC. A method and means for recognizing complex patterns. USA Patent, 3069654, 1962-12-18.
[25] Marr D, Hildreth E. Theory of edge detection. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci., 1980,207(1167):187-217. [doi: 10.1098/ rspb.1980.0020]
[26] Burns JB, Hanson AR, Riseman EM. Extracting straight lines. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 1986, 8(4):425-455.
[27] Kahn P, Kitchen L, Riseman EM. A fast line finder for vision-guided robot navigation. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 1990,12(11):1098-1102.
[28] Matas J, Galambos C, Kittler J. Robust detection of lines using the progressive probabilistic hough transform. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 2000,78(1):119-137.
[29] Grompone G, Jakubowicz J, Morel J, Randall G. LSD: A fast line segment detector with a false detection control. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2010,32(4):722-732.