随着空中任务的不断增加,尤其是无人机的迅速发展,机载通信需求的快速增长促使机载通信向网络化的方向不断发展.作为连接卫星网络和地面网络的空中通信重要枢纽,机载网络具有诸多区别于无线移动网络的新特征,包括大尺度三维稀疏分布场景、长传输范围、移动轨迹可预测、高速移动、高动态拓扑和分群结构等.这也使得其在体系结构和协议栈设计上面临新的挑战,成为学术界和产业界的研究热点.首先,对机载网络体系结构和网络特征作了介绍;进而,重点对MAC协议、路由协议和传输控制协议3个方面的研究进展进行了系统的综述;最后,讨论了机载网络研究存在的一些问题和需要进一步研究的方向.

The increase in air missions, coupled with the rapid developing of unmanned aerial vehicles, promotes the development in network oriented airborne communication. As an important hub to connect the air communication satellite networks and terrestrial networks, airborne network has many new features (which are different from the wireless mobile network), such as large-scale three-dimensional distribution sparse scene, long transmission ranges, mobile predictable trajectory, high-speed mobile, high dynamic topology, and clustering structure. Meanwhile, it faces new challenges in its architecture and protocol stack design, thus becomes a hot topic in academia and industry. In this paper, the architecture and characteristics of airborne network are first introduced. Then a systematic summary is provided on the research progress of three important topics: medium access control protocols, routing protocols and transmission control protocols. Finally, problems in current research and future research directions of this area are discussed.

国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(2015AA015603); 江苏省未来网络创新研究院未来网络前瞻性研究项目(BY2013095-5-03); 江苏省"六大人才高峰"高层次人才项目(2011-DZ024)