A new origin authentication scheme based on a threaded balanced binary stored hash tree for authenticated delegation/assignment dictionaries is proposed to solve the problems of BGP (border gateway protocol) address prefix hijacking. BGP address prefix announcement is made up of AS number and IP address prefix, and this paper makes use of the number value range to uniformly define two kinds of BGP address prefix announcement resources, so the two kinds of BGP address prefix announcement resources’ origin trustworthy problems are issued by one efficient origin authentication scheme in this paper. This scheme inherits the merit of a threaded binary stored hash tree to correct the shortcomings existing in the William Aiello and Patrick McDaniel’s origin authentication scheme that the amount of the evidence for invalid delegation/assignment is double that of the valid. Meanwhile, in contrast with original OA scheme, this scheme reduces the number of tree nodes to half the amount of the delegation/assignment attestation set, which is smaller, so this scheme is more efficient.