By using the theory of minimum connected dominating set, the issue of topology optimization for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks is studied. Considering the heterogeneous feature of sensor nodes’ communication capabilities, a function named area energy consumption rate has been built by integrating the quality of communication links, the transmission range and the remaining energy of nodes. This function has been used to estimate the energy consumption rate of communication areas and determine the selection of dominating nodes. Thus, a distributed topology control algorithm which is minimum connected, has been proposed. The experimental results show that network topology constructed by this algorithm has reliable communication links and high efficiency of energy utilization. It has the potential to significantly prolong the lifecycle of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks.