提出了一种基于分簇的无线传感器网络数据汇聚传送协议CDAT(a cluster-based data aggregation and transmission protocol for wireless sensor networks).CDAT 通过均衡能耗的分簇方法及数据预测传送机制,可以有效 延长网络的生命期.在簇头选取阶段,利用应用期望的无缝覆盖率与所需簇头数的数学关系,限制节点竞选簇头的初 始概率,并联合节点的度和剩余能量来选取簇头;在数据聚合阶段,簇头广播消息,接收所有加入该簇的成员节点,然后对簇内数据进行聚合;在数据传送阶段,利用数据在时间上的相关性,簇头在满足传送精度的要求下,采用预测传 送机制将数据传送给基站,通过该机制,网络有效地减少了数据传送的次数.理论分析和模拟实验结果表明,CDAT 协 议在满足应用期望的服务质量要求下,通过均衡能耗、减少数据传送次数,使得网络生命期优于LEACH(low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy),PEGASIS(power-efficient gathering in sensor information systems)等协议.

A cluster-based data aggregation and transmission protocol (CDAT) for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is proposed. CDAT achieves a good performance in terms of lifetime by a clustering method of balancing energy consumption and data prediction transmission strategy. In clustering phase, the initial probability of node for cluster head election is derived from mathematical relation between application’s seamless coverage ratio and numbers of required cluster heads, and residual energy and node degree are also employed to elect cluster head. In data aggregation phase, Cluster heads broadcast message for node joining and aggregate sampling data after clustering. According to the temporal correlation of sampling data, cluster heads send data to base station using prediction transmission strategy while satisfying transmission precision in the data transmission phase, and the lifetime of WSNs is prolonged with this strategy. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that CDAT outperforms LEACH (low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy) and PEGASIS (power-efficient gathering in sensor information systems) in terms of network lifetime by balancing energy consumption and decrease of transmission while satisfying desired Qos (quality of service) of application.

Supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China under Grant No.2005AA121130 (国家高技术研究发展计划(863))