Currently main display algorithms in realistic image synthesis of Computer Graphics and Virtual Reality couldn’t show the scene perception change of human eyes when the environment luminance varies dramatically. To improve the default, this paper proposes and realizes a new enhanced display algorithm based on human eye photoreceptor cell response mechanism to simulate light and dark adaption processes. First, our algorithm bases the different physiological response mechanisms of cone and rod cells of human eyes to establish the interaction model between the photoreceptor cell and its neighboring cell hiring bilateral filtering algorithm. Second, we build the dynamic model of luminance of objects in the scene under various environmental luminance changing with time. Then, by combining the tone mapping model of high dynamic range image, the empirical model of experimental physiology, adjusting the physiological parameters under various environmental luminance, the inverse response transform and chromatic adaptation transform, we finally realistically simulate the dynamic visual perception process of human eye during light and dark adaptation in 3D scene.