微信服务号

微信订阅号

2025年8月13日 16:29 星期三
首页 > 过刊浏览>2012年第23卷第1期 >65-81. DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1001.2012.04119
PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒
域间多路径路由协议
作者:
基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(61070199, 61003301); 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2009CB320503)


Inter-Domain Multipath Routing Protocols
Author:
  • 摘要
    • | |
  • 访问统计
    • |
  • 参考文献 [35]
    • |
  • 相似文献 [20]
    • | | |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    边界网关协议(border gateway protocol,简称BGP)是当前互联网的核心协议,但是由于BGP 是一种单路径路由协议,所以仍存在可靠性差、无法有效使用次优路径以及负载均衡支持较弱等问题.域间多路径路由可以通过发挥底层网络的AS 级路径多样性,提高域间路由的可靠性、报文分组转发的总体性能和整个网络资源的利用率.因此,域间多路径路由是解决上述BGP 问题的一种有效手段,符合互联网应用不断深入、促进路由技术发展的需求.主要综述域间多路径协议,并将其分为3 类:单径通告多路转发协议、多径通告多路转发协议和新型域间多路径路由体系结构.提出路径多样性、控制平面和数据平面开销、无环路特性等8 项主要路由系统性能指标,并比较、分析了域间多路径路由协议.最后,指出域间多路径路由协议面临的主要挑战和未来的研究方向.

    Abstract:

    BGP (border gateway protocol) is widely known for some problems in terms of poor reliability, suboptimal path use, and insufficient support for load balancing because it is a single-path routing protocol. Inter-Domain multipath routing explores the underlying network AS-level path diversity to improve the Internet’s reliability, performance, and resource utilization. Thus, inter-domain multipath routing is considered a useful and necessary method to address the problems faced by BGP. This paper surveys current proposals on inter-domain multipath routing protocols and classifies these protocols into three categories: Protocols on a single announcement and multipath forwarding, protocols on multiple announcements and multipath forwarding, and new Internet routing architecture based protocols. They are compared under some different features of path diversity, control message overhead, loop-freeness property, etc. In addition to a review of existing protocols, the challenges in designing new inter-domain multipath routing protocols that could be taken as the future research direction are pointed out.

    参考文献
    [1] Rekhter Y, Li T, Hares S. A border gateway protocol 4 (BGP-4). RFC 4271, 2006.
    [2] Labovitz C, Ahuja A, Bose A, Jahanian F. Delayed Internet routing convergence. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2000,30(4):175-187. [doi: 10.1145/347057.347428]
    [3] Rexford J, Wang J, Xiao Z, Zhang Y. BGP routing stability of popular destinations. In: Proc. of the 2nd ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet Measurement (IMW 2002). New York: ACM Press, 2002. 197-202. [doi: 10.1145/637201.637232]
    [4] Kushman N, Kandula S, Katabi D. Can you hear me now?! It must be BGP. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2007,37(2):75-84. [doi: 10.1145/1232919.1232927]
    [5] Moy J. RFC2328: OSPF Version 2. 1998.
    [6] Callon R. RFC1195: Use of OSI IS-IS for routing in TCP/IP and dual environments. 1990.
    [7] Wang F, Mao ZM, Wang J, Gao LX, Bush R. A measurement study on the impact of routing events on end-to-end Internet path performance. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2006,36(4):375-386. [ doi: 10.1145/1159913.1159956]
    [8] Bremler-Barr A, Afek Y, Schwarz S. Improved BGP convergence via ghost flushing. In: Proc. of the 22nd IEEE INFOCOM Annual Joint Conf. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, Vol.2. 2003. 927-937. [doi: 10.1109/INFCOM.2003. 1208930]
    [9] Luo JB, Xie JQ, Hao RZ, Li X. An approach to accelerate convergence for path vector protocol. In: Proc. of the IEEE Global Telecommunications Conf., Vol.3. 2002. 2390-2394. [doi: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1189059]
    [10] Pei D, Zhao XL, Wang L, Massey D, Mankin A, Su SF, Zhang LX. Improving BGP convergence through consistency assertions. In: Proc. of the 21st IEEE INFOCOM Annual Joint Conf. of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, Vol.2. 2002. 902-911. [doi: 10.1109/INFCOM.2002.1019337]
    [11] Kushman N, Kandula S, Katabi D, Maggs BM. R-BGP: Staying connected in a connected world. In: Proc. of the 4th USENIX Symp. on Networked Systems Design and Implementation. 2007. 341-354.
    [12] He JY, Rexford J. Toward Internet-wide multipath routing. IEEE Network Magazine, 2008,22(2):16-21. [doi: 10.1109/MNET.2008. 4476066]
    [13] Wendlandt D, Avramopoulos I, Andersen DG, Rexford J. Don’t secure routing protocols, secure data delivery. In: Proc. of the ACM HotNets. 2006. 7-12.
    [14] Zhang X, Perrig A, Zhang H. Availability-Oriented path selection in multi-path routing. Technical Report, CMU-CyLab-07-012, Carnegie Mellon University, 2007.
    [15] Cisco Inc. BGP best path selection algorithm. 2006. http://www.cisco.com/image/gif/paws/13753/25.pdf
    [16] JuniperNetworks. Configuring BGP to select multiple BGP pathshttp://www.juniper.net/techpubs/software/junos/junos90/swconfigrouting/ configuring-bgp-to-select-multiple-bgp-paths.html#id-13280349
    [17] Fujinoki H. Multi-Path BGP (MBGP): A solution for improving network bandwidth utilization and defense against link failures in inter-domain routing. In: Proc. of the IEEE Int’l Conf. on Networks. 2008. 1-6. [doi: 10.1109/ICON.2008.4772612]
    [18] Yang XW, Wetherall D. Source selectable path diversity via routing deflections. In: Proc. of the 2006 Conf. on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications. New York: ACM Press, 2006. 159-170. [doi: 10.1145/ 1159913.1159933]
    [19] Xu W, Rexford J. MIRO: Multi-Path interdomain routing. In: Proc. of the 2006 Conf. on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications. New York: ACM Press, 2006. 171-182. [doi: 10.1145/1159913.1159934]
    [20] Motiwala M, Elmore M, Feamster N, Vempala S. Path splicing. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2008,38(4): 27-38. [doi: 10.1145/1402958.1402963]
    [21] Gao LX, Rexford J. Stable Internet routing without global coordination. IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking, 2001,9(6):681-692. [doi: 10.1109/90.974523]
    [22] van Beijnum I, Crowcroft J, Valera F, Bagnulo M. Loop-Freeness in multipath BGP through propagating the longest path. In: Proc. of the Int’l Workshop on the Network of the Future (Fut-Net 2009). 2009. 1-6. [doi: 10.1109/ICCW.2009.5207968]
    [23] Vutukury S, Garcia-Luna-Aceves JJ. A simple approximation to minimum-delay routing. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 1999,29(4):227-238. [doi: 10.1145/316188.316227]
    [24] Walton D, Retana A, Chen E, Scudder J. Advertisement of multiple paths in BGP. Internet Draft, 2009.
    [25] Ganichev I, Dai B, Godfrey PB, Shenker S. Yamr: Yet another multipath routing protocol. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2010,40(5):13-19. [doi: 10.1145/1880153.1880156]
    [26] Wang F, Gao LX. Path diversity aware interdomain routing. In: Proc. of the INFOCOM. 2009. 307-315. [doi: 10.1109/INFCOM. 2009.5061934]
    [27] Yang XW. NIRA: A new Internet routing architecture. In: Proc. of the ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Future Directions in Network Architecture. New York: ACM Press, 2003. 301-312. [doi: 10.1145/944759.944768]
    [28] Godfrey PB, Ganichev I, Shenker S, Stoica I. Pathlet routing. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2009,39(4): 111-122. [doi: 10.1145/1592568.1592583]
    [29] Zhu DP, Gritter M, Cheriton DR. Feedback based routing. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 2003,33(1):71-76. [doi: 10.1145/774763.774774]
    [30] Kaur HT, Kalyanaraman S, Weiss A, Kanwar S, Gandhi A. BANANAS: An evolutionary framework for explicit and multipath routing in the Internet. In: Proc. of the ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Future Directions in Network Architecture. New York: ACM Press, 2003. 277-288. [doi: 10.1145/944759.944766]
    [31] Griffin TG, Shepherd FB, Wilfong G. The stable paths problem and interdomain routing. IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking (TON), 2002,10(2):232-243. [doi: 10.1109/90.993304]
    [32] Agarwal R, Jalaparti V, Caesar M, Godfrey PB. Guaranteeing BGP stability with a few extra paths. In: Proc. of the 2010 Int’l Conf. on Distributed Computing Systems. 2010. 221-230. [doi: 10.1109/ICDCS.2010.85]
    [33] Butler K, Farley TR, McDaniel P, Rexford J. A survey of BGP security issues and solutions. Proc. of the IEEE, 2010,98(1): 100-122.
    [34] Sobrinho JL. Network routing with path vector protocols: Theory and applications. In: Proc. of the 2003 Conf. on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications. 2003. 49-60. [doi: 10.1145/863955.863963]
    [35] Griffin TG, Sobrinho JL. Metarouting. In: Proc. of the 2005 Conf. on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communications. 2005. 1-12. [doi: 10.1145/1080091.1080094]
    引证文献
    网友评论
    网友评论
    分享到微博
    发 布
引用本文

苏金树,戴斌,刘宇靖,彭伟.域间多路径路由协议.软件学报,2012,23(1):65-81

复制
分享
文章指标
  • 点击次数:9142
  • 下载次数: 11187
  • HTML阅读次数: 0
  • 引用次数: 0
历史
  • 收稿日期:2011-02-16
  • 最后修改日期:2011-08-31
  • 在线发布日期: 2012-01-02
文章二维码
友情链接:中国科学院软件研究所中国计算机学会中国科学院国家自然科学基金委员会CCF数字图书馆Int'l J of Softw Info计算机系统应用
您是第20542187位访问者
版权所有：中国科学院软件研究所 京ICP备05046678号-3
地址：北京市海淀区中关村南四街4号,邮政编码：100190
电话：010-62562563 传真：010-62562533 Email：jos@iscas.ac.cn
技术支持：北京勤云科技发展有限公司

京公网安备 11040202500063号