How to effectively compress and represent the large-scale graphic data becomes the fundamental issue for analysis and processing. Graphic data compression technology is an effective solution to significantly reduce the storage space while supporting fast access in the compressed form. An in-depth analysis is provided on the current development of the technologies, including compression technology based on the traditional storage structure, Web graph compression technology, social network compression technology and compression technology for a particular query. A detailed analysis and performance comparison about the representative methods of each technology is presented. Finally, the summary and prospect are listed.